或许有人会问我为啥那么久不更新 其实站点一直有在维护 但是呢優子秉承不发重复 不转帖 不伪原创。因此不会发不是自己倒腾过的东西出来的
今晚睡得晚 错过了睡点 于是直接失眠了QAQ。就想着折腾点啥打发时间 看着谷歌的SSL就有了自己折腾一个和谷歌一样前卫的HTTPS的想法
闲话到此为止
支持新版本TLS协议和ECDHE_RSA加密需要最低openssl1.0.1 而CentOS6通过默认源yum安装的openssl版本只有1.0.0 是不支持新版本TLS协议和ECDHE_RSA密钥交换方式的
一开始本想自己编译openssl 后来一想 自己编译会跟系统的openssl脱节 从而产生一些问题。谷歌是最好的老师 搜到了一个自定义源 里面有已经编译好的新版本openssl
导入源【请注意 此源仅支持64位系统。32位系统的抱歉了 暂时无法找到合适的源】
CentOS5 x64:
rpm -ivh --nosignature http://rpm.axivo.com/redhat/axivo-release-5-1.noarch.rpm
CentOS6 x64:
rpm -ivh --nosignature http://rpm.axivo.com/redhat/axivo-release-6-1.noarch.rpm
通过源升级安装最新版openssl1.0.1e
yum –enablerepo=axivo update openssl
不出意外的话 确认按一次y 导入KEY按一次y 即可完成安装
此时再输入openssl查看version的话 应该会显示【OpenSSL 1.0.1e 11 Feb 2013】
重新编译nginx
印象中这步是必须的 因为似乎编译时引用了openssl的头文档 需要重新编译
即使不是不是必须的 升级到1.4.1支持spdy协议还是不错的
由于我采用的是lnmp一键包 可以直接使用一键包中的upgrade_nginx.sh升级或者重新编译。如果不是使用一键包的 大致步骤如下:
wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.4.1.tar.gz
tar zxvf nginx-1.4.1.tar.gz
cd nginx-1.4.1
./configure –user=www –group=www –prefix=/usr/local/nginx【注:此处填你自己nginx安装目录 按照原先的编译参数 如果原先就没有 prefix直接去掉】 –with-http_stub_status_module –with-http_ssl_module –with-http_gzip_static_module –with-http_spdy_module【注:使用一键包的也需要修改一键包的编译参数 此处加上红色字段】 –with-ipv6
make
mv /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx.old【移除+备份老nginx的可执行文件 具体路径是看你的安装方式】
cp objs/nginx /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx【复制新的可执行文件进去 具体路径也是看你的安装方式】
/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -t【执行新的可执行文件 测试是否配置文件有问题 具体路径同上】
make upgrade
修改nginx配置文件
需要修改的部分很多 不能像以前两三行解决了
首先
listen 你的ip:443 spdy;#新增spdy协议
SSL部分:
ssl on;
ssl_protocols SSLv3 TLSv1 TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2;#新增TLSv1.1 TLSv1.2
ssl_session_cache builtin:1000 shared:SSL:10m;
ssl_session_timeout 5m;#新增SSL session支持 此处和上面的是设置超时和设置cache大小 减轻负载
ssl_stapling on;
ssl_stapling_verify on;#
ssl_certificate 你的公钥.crt;
ssl_certificate_key 你的私钥.key;
ssl_prefer_server_ciphers on;#设置由服务端决定加密方式 避免不安全问题
ssl_ciphers ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-GCM-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA384:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-GCM-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-RSA-AES128-SHA256:ECDHE-ECDSA-RC4-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-RC4-SHA:ECDH-ECDSA-RC4-SHA:ECDH-RSA-RC4-SHA:ECDHE-RSA-AES256-SHA:RC4-SHA:HIGH:!aNULL:!eNULL:!LOW:!3DES:!MD5:!EXP:!CBC:!EDH:!kEDH:!PSK:!SRP:!kECDH;#去除所有不安全加密方式。确保不会遭受BEAST攻击。设置ECDHE_RSA正向密钥交换方式
注:红字是新增部分 蓝字可能是以前就有 如果以前有就需要加入红字部分 没有就直接添加。黑字是开启SSL加密所必需的
设置完毕后 reload nginx即可。
此时可以关闭浏览器重新访问你的SSL连接 你会发现你也变成了使用ECDHE_RSA的高级用户了
你同时可以使用SSL在线测试工具:https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html。不出意外的话你应该是会得A了
这是本站的评分:https://www.ssllabs.com/ssltest/analyze.html?d=tucao.org
至于RC4的问题 我发现谷歌也在用 所以无所谓了。
如果你是考虑完全使用SSL 抛弃不加密的HTTP 可以考虑添加一个严格SSL的header
add_header Strict-Transport-Security max-age=2592000;
注意这个条目需要同时加到不经过加密的80端口的server块和经过HTTPS加密的server块。并且要在不经过加密的server块里设置跳转。设置方式不多说了 谷歌一搜一堆
使用ECDHE_RSA的优势:
1、具有良好前瞻性的密钥交换方式 保证数据安全
2、可以提升SSL握手速度 间接提升网站速度
3、和SPDY协议联合 最大限度提升HTTPS效率
至于见鬼的IE6的兼容问题呢 優子经过测试 XP 下的IE6是没有访问问题的 不需要担心。
p.s.总感觉“正向加密”这个词翻译有点怪?
~以上~
参考了以下文章:
https://blog.hasgeek.com/2013/https-everywhere-at-hasgeek
https://www.axivo.com/community/threads/upgrade-to-openssl-1-0-1-in-centos.180/
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Zu den Produkten, die den Blutfluss wiederherstellen und helfen,
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Diese können also sowohl eine Ursache als auch eine Folge
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Wenn Leber und Milz sich vergrößern, kann im Bauch ein Völlegefühl entstehen. Der Schmerz kann plötzlich zunehmen, wenn sich in den Blutgefäßen der Leber oder der Milz ein Blutgerinnsel bildet, was dazu führt, dass ein Teil dieses Organs abstirbt.
Bei manchen Patienten erhöht sich die Anzahl der Blutplättchen (zellartiger Partikel
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Bei der Polycythaemia vera erhöht der Überschuss an roten Blutkörperchen das Blutvolumen und verdickt gleichzeitig das Blut, sodass
es nicht mehr so leicht durch die kleinen Blutgefäße
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Es gibt einige Hinweise darauf, dass Kurkuma eine natürliche
blutverdünnende Wirkung haben kann. Kurkuma
enthält Curcuminoide, von denen das Curcumin das häufigste ist.
Curcumin verleiht Kurkuma seine gelbe Farbe und bietet
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Der Wirkmechanismus kann Fachleuten zufolge mit dem von Aspirin verglichen werden. Reich an Vitamin E sind vor allem Mandeln,
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RepairCdDvD is professional information recuperation software program specializing in repairing and improving statistics from damaged or scratched CD and DVD discs. Here are a few key points approximately RepairCdDvD: Features: Information restoration: RepairCdDvD lets in you to recover records from unreadable CD and DVD discs. Record gadget support: this system works with various document structures, such as UDF (usually used for storing information on DVDs). Photo advent: RepairCdDvD reads information from damaged discs and creates an picture report that may be used for statistics restoration. Coping with photo Discs: even if the disc is a extracted, RepairCdDvD can recover information. Other Media support: the program also can get better data from CD/DVD disks. Conversion to ISO format: It allows growing virtual disc copies (ISO pics) for less difficult recuperation inside the destiny. Transportable model: RepairCdDvD is to be had as a transportable version, allowing you to apply it on one of a kind computers without installation. Velocity and convenience: RepairCdDvD offers an intuitive interface and powerful algorithms, making it clean to experiment and get better statistics with out useless complications. In case you need to get better records from CD and DVD discs, RepairCdDvD is a useful device. Its support for various document structures and photograph introduction skills makes it a effective solution for records restoration. No accrued value in case you need more than one kind media or report machine supported. RepairCdDvD is a quite specialized yet smooth to use media facts recuperation device. It supports all disc codecs and all common document structures. Insert a disc, begin up RepairCdDvD and pick the pressure or media (if no longer selected already) and let RepairCdDvD mount the media. RepairCdDvD immediately shows you all the walls or tracks and sessions located on the media, mixed with all report structures which might be gift. This way you get clean access, similar to explorer, to all the files and folders per report device. As opposed to being constrained to one document system that the OS choices for you, you’ve got get admission to. Get entry to records from older periods or hidden partitions, get right of entry to information that your OS (e.G. Home windows) does now not see or hides from you etc. Integrate this all-revealing functionality with some distance higher examine and healing mechanisms, scanning for lost files functionality, workarounds for a wide variety of power and software bugs, boundaries or shortcomings and you’ve got an exceedingly powerful data restoration tool. RepairCdDvD is should-have-software for every pc user and is intentionally stored low-priced a good way to provide a solution for each person.Shape of the medium, facts recording Micrograph of recesses and fields Diagram of a go-phase of a pressed plate A trendy compact disc, often known as an audio CD, stores the digital audio record in a “crimson ebook” preferred to differentiate it from later variations. Compact discs are product of a 1.2 mm thick polycarbonate plate with a diameter of 12 cm, protected with a skinny layer of aluminum (aluminum), wherein information is contained (inside the form of a mixture of micro-grooves and places with out them). They are examine with a semiconductor laser (AlGaAs) with a wavelength of about 780 nm. The recording creates a spiral course from the center to the edge of the document.The rotational speed of the plate is numerous such that the linear velocity of the read head with admire to the song is constant and for the studying pace x1 it’s miles in the range of 1.2 to 1.Four ms. The disc is study from the center to the out of doors, and the rotational speed decreases as you move away from the center of the disc.Before writing to disk, facts is encoded inside the “8 in 14” widespread and stored in the form of land and pits. Inside the embossed plates, the recesses are 1/four wavelength deep within the cloth of the analyzing laser plate (about a hundred twenty five nm), as a result of the interference of light meditated from the environment and the recesses, the wave is extinguished. The pits are 500 nm extensive and the track spacing is 1.6 mm. The variations in light reflection are utilized by the lens servo to manual the beam along the route and focus it.The “8 in 14” coding machine guarantees that the smallest pit and land length is three bits (833 nm) and the longest 11 bits (3560 nm) WebSite: https://repaircddvd.com
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